Diseases, the most commonly observed when travelers are diarrhea, malaria (if you are tortured in a malaria), accidents (when traveling by car or swimming), wound infections and other sexually transmitted diseases.
- Diarrhea is due to the contamination of food and drinking water. They must therefore be careful if you are in poor hygienic conditions.
- To avoid accidents while traveling, it is advisable to apply the same precautions as at home. Furthermore, it is very important that all wounds should be thoroughly disinfected to ensure the infection.
- Malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes, the first thing to do is to protect against mosquitoes.
¡¤ TRAVELER’S diarrhea
Many intestinal infections are infections again through the mouth or hands. With a little help from most of these diseases can be avoided. Hepatitis A, typhoid, polio and cholera occur in countries with poor hygiene, but these diseases are easily avoided.
But the likelihood is great that you always sign a contract with light and / or diarrhea nondangerous form of travelers. Travelers diarrhea always rises spontaneously after a few days, but can still irritating. And a danger to the general health and travel.
In the first place, measures must be taken against dehydration. The treatment of the symptoms taken into account to reduce the number of stool and alleviating other symptoms such as fever, vomiting and stomach cramps. Sometimes it is a stricter form of diarrhea occurs, in which treatment with antibiotics, or if a hospital or a liquid is replaced inevitable.
- Vegetables and fruits of your shell
- No, not boiled or pasteurized milk
- Products of the sea insufficiently cooked (hepatitis A +) and meat
- “Local Food” who believe not fresh
- Ice cream bought on the street merchants (industrial ice straight from the freezing point is probably not dangerous).
It only takes a few preventive measures as a basis for your trip a success: Total prevention of travelers diarrhea is impossible and it is clear that preventive measures may not be strictly adhered to at all times. But because of the prevention measures will not significantly reduce the risks of diarrhea: To the health of nice trips your hands before eating and avoid (if possible):
It is very important to disinfect the drinking water on adventure trips. Total sterilization of drinking water is not possible. The following measures to counter the risk of contamination and protect the health of your trip:
Meals are served hot. The place where you eat is also important. A meal from a booth at increased risk for a meal in a restaurant. Avoid restaurants where there are many insects.
Avoid tap water and ice cubes. The water and soft drinks are safe. Monitor the caps of bottles that have already been used.
- Cooking, the water is very effective.
- A good alternative is chemical disinfection chlorine drops (eg Hadex?, Drinkwell chloor? Available in sport shops specialized in outdoor activities) or chlorine tablets (Certisil combinations? Chloramine tablets available in pharmacies). Their effect can be the first Blur filter water. The silver salts (Micropur?, Certisil Argento?) Are not very suitable for the disinfection of water, but they keep disinfected water germ has long been without.
For adventurous travelers travel health conscious, it is for the purchase of a portable water filters. The use of antibiotics to prevent diarrhea before it occurs can be dangerous + The use of other drugs is not recommended for prevention.
. How to get diarrhea?
It is very important that an adequate fluid and salt to prevent dehydration. You can do this by using salt solutions, but tea with lemon, broth, soft drinks and juices, crackers, which are delicious with salt. Commercial products are salt on the market (oral rehydration salts solution).
Antibiotics are:
Taking an anti-diarrhea preparations (Loperamid, eg Imodium?) Growing the number of chair with a reduction of complaints. Imodium? May only by adults and older children, and only for treating ordinary watery diarrhea: 1 capsule after each movement of the shaft, with a maximum of 4 per day.
1. If blood, mucus or pus in the stool.
2. If after 24 to 48 hours, there are no signs of improvement, and diarrhea with fever (over 38.5 C) or severe abdominal cramps, or if there is more than six out of the saddles 24 hours, and if they are in the night .
3. Travel, or if due to circumstances, a quick solution is absolutely desirable. Antibiotics may be on the order of the physician
¡¤ sexually transmitted diseases
Casual sex contacts tend to be higher in the holidays abroad. Sexually transmitted diseases, particularly HIV / AIDS, therefore, represent a significant risk to the passengers. often unintentional and not the sexual contact occurs under the influence of alcohol. Prevention on holiday abroad do not precautionary measures that you at home. Proper use of condoms, preferably bought at home, is absolutely necessary. Only a water soluble lubricant, but it offers a partial (eg KY gel). Vaccination against hepatitis B is recommended. Do you always tell your doctor if you you’re in danger, even if no symptoms.
¡¤ MALARIA (swamp fever, malaria)
The symptoms include attacks of fever, but can begin much like the flu. If adequate treatment is not started in time, an attack in May on the death sometimes within a few days.
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a parasite (called Plasmodium) by the bite of the Anopheles. There are two types of falciparum malaria is the most dangerous and most widespread. The incubation period – the time between a bite of the infection and the occurrence of the disease – between ten days to two weeks (rarely several months).
Malaria is only in the areas in which Anopheles mosquitoes are in the tropical regions and in many subtropical regions. At an altitude from 1500 to 2500 m, depending on the temperature and climate, Anopheles mosquitoes are rare or even absent.
. Where is malaria occur?
Danger also exists in the suburbs of major cities in Asia (eg India). In a few areas, the risk depending on the season.
In most major cities there is little or no risk of infection with all, except in Africa where there is a real danger.
. How can malaria be prevented?
It is very important for travel health to the mosquito bite: not the Anopheles bites between dusk and dawn, is small and not very no noise.
Repellents with DEET are not less examined; Autan-Active. and Mosegor. are excellent products.
- At night, wear the clothes in bright colors that can affect the arms and legs as far as possible. Apply the cream with a DEET basis repulsive (20 to 50%, for children and pregnant women preferably 20 to 30%) for the parties of the body. Repeat this process every two to six hours (it does not protect you all night).
Whether the measures are properly implemented, the risk of malaria is reduced by 80 to 90% of all travel and health will be updated
- Sleeping in the hotel, giving access to the mosquitoes (mosquito nets on the sleepers, electric plates mosquito protection, air conditioning) or under a mosquito net to sleep, marked by permethrin or deltamethrin suspended above the bed with the edges hidden under the mattress.
. The ingestion of tablets, the prevention
There are no effective drugs to prevent malaria 100%, meaning that often a combination of measures is preferable. Also, the drugs have evolved over the years. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of drugs than from the risk of infection with malaria. These risks are to the detriment of the host country and the region, season, duration of stay and type of trip.
Therefore, the physician can best decide for each person, the drug should be used. This explains why the people of the same group at the end of May until the drugs are.
Some people are worried about the side effects with anti-malaria medicines. These are generally harmless and not always a reason for the ingestion of pills. Sometimes May it be changed to another type of drug due to complaints, allergic reactions or other symptoms of intolerance.
Finally, no drug is 100% in the prevention of malaria, it is important whether an attack of fever in the first three months after your return from the tropics, to be infected with malaria as a possibility despite the correct use of the drugs prescribed.
Nevertheless, it is reassuring to know that malaria, when in his time, is easy to process, without the danger of repeated attacks. The belief that “once malaria always malaria” is wrong.
Find more travel health tips on the following pages: